dbPTM

SYK_HUMAN - PTM Information in dbPTM

Basic Information of Protein

Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information
UniProt ID	SYK_HUMAN
UniProt AC	Q15046
Protein Name	Lysine--tRNA ligase
Gene Name	KARS
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human).
Sequence Length	597
Subcellular Localization	Isoform Cytoplasmic: Cytoplasm, cytosol . Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Cell membrane Peripheral membrane protein . Secreted . Secretion is induced by TNF-alpha (PubMed:15851690). Cytosolic in quiescent mast cells. Translocates into the nucleus in response
Protein Description	Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. [PubMed: 9278442]
Protein Sequence	MAAVQAAEVKVDGSEPKLSKNELKRRLKAEKKVAEKEAKQKELSEKQLSQATAAATNHTTDNGVGPEEESVDPNQYYKIRSQAIHQLKVNGEDPYPHKFHVDISLTDFIQKYSHLQPGDHLTDITLKVAGRIHAKRASGGKLIFYDLRGEGVKLQVMANSRNYKSEEEFIHINNKLRRGDIIGVQGNPGKTKKGELSIIPYEITLLSPCLHMLPHLHFGLKDKETRYRQRYLDLILNDFVRQKFIIRSKIITYIRSFLDELGFLEIETPMMNIIPGGAVAKPFITYHNELDMNLYMRIAPELYHKMLVVGGIDRVYEIGRQFRNEGIDLTHNPEFTTCEFYMAYADYHDLMEITEKMVSGMVKHITGSYKVTYHPDGPEGQAYDVDFTPPFRRINMVEELEKALGMKLPETNLFETEETRKILDDICVAKAVECPPPRTTARLLDKLVGEFLEVTCINPTFICDHPQIMSPLAKWHRSKEGLTERFELFVMKKEICNAYTELNDPMRQRQLFEEQAKAKAAGDDEAMFIDENFCTALEYGLPPTAGWGMGIDRVAMFLTDSNNIKEVLLFPAMKPEDKKENVATTDTLESTTVGTSV

Experimental Post-Translational Modification Sites

* ASA = Accessible Surface Area

Locations	Modification	Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure	ASA (%)	Reference
2	Acetylation	------MAAVQAAEV ------CCCCEEEEE	19.15	22223895
3 (in isoform 2)	Phosphorylation	-	7.83	25072903
8	Ubiquitination	MAAVQAAEVKVDGSE CCCCEEEEEECCCCC	45.98	24816145
10	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	AVQAAEVKVDGSEPK CCEEEEEECCCCCCC	26.55	-
10	Ubiquitination	AVQAAEVKVDGSEPK CCEEEEEECCCCCCC	26.55	-
14	Phosphorylation	AEVKVDGSEPKLSKN EEEECCCCCCCCCHH	46.38	24850871
17	Ubiquitination	KVDGSEPKLSKNELK ECCCCCCCCCHHHHH	62.43	24816145
17 (in isoform 2)	Phosphorylation	-	62.43	21406692
18 (in isoform 2)	Phosphorylation	-	14.95	21406692
20	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	GSEPKLSKNELKRRL CCCCCCCHHHHHHHH	65.95	-
31	Acetylation	KRRLKAEKKVAEKEA HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	58.36	30589629
34	Ubiquitination	LKAEKKVAEKEAKQK HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	30.90	27667366
44	Phosphorylation	EAKQKELSEKQLSQA HHHHHHHCHHHHHHH	43.79	24719451
49	Phosphorylation	ELSEKQLSQATAAAT HHCHHHHHHHHHHHH	18.44	28348404
52	Phosphorylation	EKQLSQATAAATNHT HHHHHHHHHHHHCCC	14.80	28348404
56	Phosphorylation	SQATAAATNHTTDNG HHHHHHHHCCCCCCC	23.86	28348404
59	Phosphorylation	TAAATNHTTDNGVGP HHHHHCCCCCCCCCC	37.60	28348404
60	Phosphorylation	AAATNHTTDNGVGPE HHHHCCCCCCCCCCC	21.66	28348404
78	Acetylation	VDPNQYYKIRSQAIH CCHHHHHEEHHHHHE	27.06	26051181
78	Ubiquitination	VDPNQYYKIRSQAIH CCHHHHHEEHHHHHE	27.06	22817900
78 (in isoform 1)	Ubiquitination	-	27.06	21890473
81	Phosphorylation	NQYYKIRSQAIHQLK HHHHEEHHHHHEEEE	27.69	28857561
88	Acetylation	SQAIHQLKVNGEDPY HHHHEEEEECCCCCC	27.38	19608861
88	Methylation	SQAIHQLKVNGEDPY HHHHEEEEECCCCCC	27.38	22640393
95	Phosphorylation	KVNGEDPYPHKFHVD EECCCCCCCCCCEEE	30.23	28152594
106	Ubiquitination	FHVDISLTDFIQKYS CEEEEEHHHHHHHHC	23.29	21890473
106 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	23.29	21890473
111	Acetylation	SLTDFIQKYSHLQPG EHHHHHHHHCCCCCC	43.85	25038526
112	Phosphorylation	LTDFIQKYSHLQPGD HHHHHHHHCCCCCCC	5.73	28152594
113	Phosphorylation	TDFIQKYSHLQPGDH HHHHHHHCCCCCCCC	25.42	28152594
116	Acetylation	IQKYSHLQPGDHLTD HHHHCCCCCCCCHHH	34.21	19608861
127	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	HLTDITLKVAGRIHA CHHHHHHEECCEEEE	22.76	-
127	Acetylation	HLTDITLKVAGRIHA CHHHHHHEECCEEEE	22.76	25953088
127	Ubiquitination	HLTDITLKVAGRIHA CHHHHHHEECCEEEE	22.76	32015554
135	Ubiquitination	VAGRIHAKRASGGKL ECCEEEEEECCCCEE	34.04	23000965
141	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	AKRASGGKLIFYDLR EEECCCCEEEEEECC	41.77	-
141	Acetylation	AKRASGGKLIFYDLR EEECCCCEEEEEECC	41.77	19608861
141	Malonylation	AKRASGGKLIFYDLR EEECCCCEEEEEECC	41.77	26320211
141	Succinylation	AKRASGGKLIFYDLR EEECCCCEEEEEECC	41.77	27452117
141	Ubiquitination	AKRASGGKLIFYDLR EEECCCCEEEEEECC	41.77	23000965
148	Methylation	KLIFYDLRGEGVKLQ EEEEEECCCCCEEEE	37.91	115480819
149	Ubiquitination	LIFYDLRGEGVKLQV EEEEECCCCCEEEEE	43.22	23000965
153	Acetylation	DLRGEGVKLQVMANS ECCCCCEEEEEEECC	44.02	25953088
155	Ubiquitination	RGEGVKLQVMANSRN CCCCEEEEEEECCCC	19.75	32015554
163	Ubiquitination	VMANSRNYKSEEEFI EEECCCCCCCHHHEE	18.12	23000965
164	Acetylation	MANSRNYKSEEEFIH EECCCCCCCHHHEEE	55.74	25038526
164	Ubiquitination	MANSRNYKSEEEFIH EECCCCCCCHHHEEE	55.74	24816145
169	Acetylation	NYKSEEEFIHINNKL CCCCHHHEEECCCCC	5.80	19608861
169	Ubiquitination	NYKSEEEFIHINNKL CCCCHHHEEECCCCC	5.80	23000965
169 (in isoform 2)	Malonylation	-	5.80	26320211
169 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	5.80	-
175	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	EFIHINNKLRRGDII HEEECCCCCCCCCEE	38.59	-
175	Acetylation	EFIHINNKLRRGDII HEEECCCCCCCCCEE	38.59	23954790
175	Ubiquitination	EFIHINNKLRRGDII HEEECCCCCCCCCEE	38.59	29967540
190	Ubiquitination	GVQGNPGKTKKGELS EECCCCCCCCCCEEE	59.43	27667366
192	Ubiquitination	QGNPGKTKKGELSII CCCCCCCCCCEEEEC	63.37	24816145
203	Ubiquitination	LSIIPYEITLLSPCL EEECCEEEHHHHHHH	2.44	29967540
207	Phosphorylation	PYEITLLSPCLHMLP CEEEHHHHHHHHHHH	19.38	19524539
207	Ubiquitination	PYEITLLSPCLHMLP CEEEHHHHHHHHHHH	19.38	21890473
218	Ubiquitination	HMLPHLHFGLKDKET HHHHHHCCCCCCHHH	18.04	27667366
249	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	QKFIIRSKIITYIRS HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	28.42	-
249	Ubiquitination	QKFIIRSKIITYIRS HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	28.42	-
251	Ubiquitination	FIIRSKIITYIRSFL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	2.48	33845483
265	Ubiquitination	LDELGFLEIETPMMN HHHHCCCEEECCCEE	36.20	23000965
274	Ubiquitination	ETPMMNIIPGGAVAK ECCCEECCCCCCCCC	1.89	21963094
305	Ubiquitination	IAPELYHKMLVVGGI HCHHHHHHHHHHCCC	22.00	23000965
305 (in isoform 1)	Ubiquitination	-	22.00	21890473
314	Methylation	LVVGGIDRVYEIGRQ HHHCCCHHHHHHHHH	30.88	115480827
333	Ubiquitination	GIDLTHNPEFTTCEF CCCCCCCCCCCCEEE	30.40	23000965
333 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	30.40	21890473
336	Ubiquitination	LTHNPEFTTCEFYMA CCCCCCCCCEEEEEE	28.95	21890473
361	Ubiquitination	TEKMVSGMVKHITGS HHHHHHHHHHHHCCE	2.56	33845483
363	Acetylation	KMVSGMVKHITGSYK HHHHHHHHHHCCEEE	22.01	25953088
363	Ubiquitination	KMVSGMVKHITGSYK HHHHHHHHHHCCEEE	22.01	22817900
363 (in isoform 1)	Ubiquitination	-	22.01	21890473
366	Phosphorylation	SGMVKHITGSYKVTY HHHHHHHCCEEEEEE	21.57	22210691
368	Phosphorylation	MVKHITGSYKVTYHP HHHHHCCEEEEEECC	17.09	22210691
391	Ubiquitination	DVDFTPPFRRINMVE ECCCCCCCCCCCHHH	9.62	21890473
391 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	9.62	21890473
396	Sulfoxidation	PPFRRINMVEELEKA CCCCCCCHHHHHHHH	3.60	21406390
402	Acetylation	NMVEELEKALGMKLP CHHHHHHHHHCCCCC	62.63	19608861
402	Ubiquitination	NMVEELEKALGMKLP CHHHHHHHHHCCCCC	62.63	29967540
407	Ubiquitination	LEKALGMKLPETNLF HHHHHCCCCCCCCCC	60.12	33845483
421	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	FETEETRKILDDICV CCCHHHHHHHHHHHH	55.85	-
421	Ubiquitination	FETEETRKILDDICV CCCHHHHHHHHHHHH	55.85	23000965
421 (in isoform 1)	Ubiquitination	-	55.85	21890473
422	Ubiquitination	ETEETRKILDDICVA CCHHHHHHHHHHHHH	4.61	33845483
423	Ubiquitination	TEETRKILDDICVAK CHHHHHHHHHHHHHH	5.62	33845483
427	Glutathionylation	RKILDDICVAKAVEC HHHHHHHHHHHHCCC	2.91	22555962
430	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	LDDICVAKAVECPPP HHHHHHHHHCCCCCC	32.35	-
430	Acetylation	LDDICVAKAVECPPP HHHHHHHHHCCCCCC	32.35	26051181
430	Ubiquitination	LDDICVAKAVECPPP HHHHHHHHHCCCCCC	32.35	21963094
435	Ubiquitination	VAKAVECPPPRTTAR HHHHCCCCCCHHHHH	28.55	32015554
449	Ubiquitination	RLLDKLVGEFLEVTC HHHHHHHHHHHEEEE	30.30	23000965
449 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	30.30	21890473
458	Ubiquitination	FLEVTCINPTFICDH HHEEEECCCEEECCC	31.54	21963094
460	Phosphorylation	EVTCINPTFICDHPQ EEEECCCEEECCCHH	22.57	25850435
470	Phosphorylation	CDHPQIMSPLAKWHR CCCHHHHCHHHHHHH	20.56	25850435
492	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	RFELFVMKKEICNAY HHHEHHHHHHHHHHH	41.79	-
492	Acetylation	RFELFVMKKEICNAY HHHEHHHHHHHHHHH	41.79	25953088
492	Ubiquitination	RFELFVMKKEICNAY HHHEHHHHHHHHHHH	41.79	21890473
492 (in isoform 1)	Ubiquitination	-	41.79	21890473
493	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	FELFVMKKEICNAYT HHEHHHHHHHHHHHH	33.93	-
493	Acetylation	FELFVMKKEICNAYT HHEHHHHHHHHHHHH	33.93	26051181
493	Ubiquitination	FELFVMKKEICNAYT HHEHHHHHHHHHHHH	33.93	29967540
496	Glutathionylation	FVMKKEICNAYTELN HHHHHHHHHHHHHHC	2.21	22555962
506	Sulfoxidation	YTELNDPMRQRQLFE HHHHCCHHHHHHHHH	6.77	21406390
517	Acetylation	QLFEEQAKAKAAGDD HHHHHHHHHHHCCCC	50.55	25953088
517	Ubiquitination	QLFEEQAKAKAAGDD HHHHHHHHHHHCCCC	50.55	33845483
520	Ubiquitination	EEQAKAKAAGDDEAM HHHHHHHHCCCCCCE	22.87	21890473
520 (in isoform 2)	Ubiquitination	-	22.87	21890473
521	Ubiquitination	EQAKAKAAGDDEAMF HHHHHHHCCCCCCEE	22.65	29967540
545	Ubiquitination	EYGLPPTAGWGMGID HHCCCCCCCCCCCCC	19.95	33845483
556	Sulfoxidation	MGIDRVAMFLTDSNN CCCCEEEEEEECCCC	2.30	21406390
561	Phosphorylation	VAMFLTDSNNIKEVL EEEEEECCCCCEEEE	26.92	21712546
573	Sulfoxidation	EVLLFPAMKPEDKKE EEEEEECCCCCCCCC	8.29	21406390
574	2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation	VLLFPAMKPEDKKEN EEEEECCCCCCCCCC	47.57	-
574	Acetylation	VLLFPAMKPEDKKEN EEEEECCCCCCCCCC	47.57	25038526
578	Ubiquitination	PAMKPEDKKENVATT ECCCCCCCCCCCCCC	61.39	32015554
579	Ubiquitination	AMKPEDKKENVATTD CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	67.83	33845483
584	Phosphorylation	DKKENVATTDTLEST CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	22.41	30257219
585	Phosphorylation	KKENVATTDTLESTT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	19.76	27251275
587	Phosphorylation	ENVATTDTLESTTVG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	30.27	29970186
590	Phosphorylation	ATTDTLESTTVGTSV CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	32.27	29514088
591	Phosphorylation	TTDTLESTTVGTSV- CCCCCCCCCCCCCC-	19.00	30266825
592	Phosphorylation	TDTLESTTVGTSV-- CCCCCCCCCCCCC--	26.64	29514088
595	Phosphorylation	LESTTVGTSV----- CCCCCCCCCC-----	23.21	30266825
596	Phosphorylation	ESTTVGTSV------ CCCCCCCCC------	21.65	30266825
606	Ubiquitination	---------------- ----------------		32015554
607	Ubiquitination	----------------- -----------------		33845483

Upstream regulatory proteins (kinases for phosphorylation sites, E3 ubiquitin ligases of ubiquitination sites, ...)

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Type of Upstream Proteins	Gene Name of Upstream Proteins	UniProt AC of Upstream Proteins	Sources
49	S	Phosphorylation	Kinase	P38A	Q16539	PSP
52	T	Phosphorylation	Kinase	MAPK14	Q16539	GPS
207	S	Phosphorylation	Kinase	MAPK3	P27361	GPS

Functions of PTM Sites

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Function	Reference
Oops, there are no descriptions of PTM sites of SYK_HUMAN !!

Disease-associated PTM Sites based on SAP

* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.

Modified Location	Modification	Variant Position (Distance <= 10)	Residue Change	SAP	Related Disease	Reference
Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of SYK_HUMAN !!

Protein-Protein Interaction

Interacting Protein	Gene Name	Interaction Type	PPI Reference
AIMP2_HUMAN	AIMP2	physical	16189514
LIS1_HUMAN	PAFAH1B1	physical	16169070
ADT3_HUMAN	SLC25A6	physical	16169070
EF1G_HUMAN	EEF1G	physical	16169070
RSSA_HUMAN	RPSA	physical	22751010
AIMP2_HUMAN	AIMP2	physical	22751010
MK01_HUMAN	MAPK1	physical	22751010
SYLC_HUMAN	LARS	physical	22939629
SYQ_HUMAN	QARS	physical	22939629
SYRC_HUMAN	RARS	physical	22939629
SYMC_HUMAN	MARS	physical	22939629
UBA1_HUMAN	UBA1	physical	22939629
SYNC_HUMAN	NARS	physical	22939629
UBE2S_HUMAN	UBE2S	physical	22939629
TXLNA_HUMAN	TXLNA	physical	22939629
TRM1_HUMAN	TRMT1	physical	22939629
TCPQ_HUMAN	CCT8	physical	22939629
SYKM_YEAST	MSK1	genetic	22539966
SYCC_HUMAN	CARS	physical	22863883
IPO7_HUMAN	IPO7	physical	22863883
AIMP2_HUMAN	AIMP2	physical	25416956
AIMP1_HUMAN	AIMP1	physical	26344197
AIMP2_HUMAN	AIMP2	physical	26344197
SYDC_HUMAN	DARS	physical	26344197
SYDM_HUMAN	DARS2	physical	26344197
MCA3_HUMAN	EEF1E1	physical	26344197
SYEP_HUMAN	EPRS	physical	26344197
SYIC_HUMAN	IARS	physical	26344197
MSH3_HUMAN	MSH3	physical	26344197
SYQ_HUMAN	QARS	physical	26344197
SAMD9_HUMAN	SAMD9	physical	26344197
SNX8_HUMAN	SNX8	physical	26344197
XPP1_HUMAN	XPNPEP1	physical	26344197
SYRC_HUMAN	RARS	physical	28514442
SYTC2_HUMAN	TARSL2	physical	28514442
SDCG8_HUMAN	SDCCAG8	physical	28514442
AIMP2_HUMAN	AIMP2	physical	28514442
AIMP1_HUMAN	AIMP1	physical	28514442
SYDC_HUMAN	DARS	physical	28514442
SYEP_HUMAN	EPRS	physical	28514442
MCA3_HUMAN	EEF1E1	physical	28514442
SYIC_HUMAN	IARS	physical	28514442
SYLC_HUMAN	LARS	physical	28514442
SYMC_HUMAN	MARS	physical	28514442
SYQ_HUMAN	QARS	physical	28514442
LRRF2_HUMAN	LRRFIP2	physical	28514442

Drug and Disease Associations

Kegg Disease
H00264	Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT); Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy; Peroneal muscular atroph
OMIM Disease
613641	Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, recessive, intermediate type, B (CMTRIB)
613916	Deafness, autosomal recessive, 89 (DFNB89)
Kegg Drug
There are no disease associations of PTM sites.
DrugBank
DB00123	L-Lysine

Regulatory Network of SYK_HUMAN

Related Literatures of Post-Translational Modification

Acetylation
Reference	PubMed
"Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome ina refined SCX-based approach."; Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J.,Mohammed S.; Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009). Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2 (ISOFORM CYTOPLASMIC),PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-596, AND MASSSPECTROMETRY.	19413330 [Abstract]
"Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates majorcellular functions."; Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T.,Olsen J.V., Mann M.; Science 325:834-840(2009). Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-88; LYS-141 AND LYS-402, ANDMASS SPECTROMETRY.	19608861 [Abstract]
Phosphorylation
Reference	PubMed
"Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome ina refined SCX-based approach."; Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J.,Mohammed S.; Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009). Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2 (ISOFORM CYTOPLASMIC),PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-596, AND MASSSPECTROMETRY.	19413330 [Abstract]
"Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signalingreveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions."; Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K.,Rodionov V., Han D.K.; Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-587, AND MASSSPECTROMETRY.	19690332 [Abstract]