| UniProt ID | HMGA1_HUMAN | |
|---|---|---|
| UniProt AC | P17096 | |
| Protein Name | High mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y | |
| Gene Name | HMGA1 | |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human). | |
| Sequence Length | 107 | |
| Subcellular Localization | Nucleus. Chromosome. | |
| Protein Description | HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions.. | |
| Protein Sequence | MSESSSKSSQPLASKQEKDGTEKRGRGRPRKQPPVSPGTALVGSQKEPSEVPTPKRPRGRPKGSKNKGAAKTRKTTTTPGRKPRGRPKKLEKEEEEGISQESSEEEQ | |
| Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information | ||
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* ASA = Accessible Surface Area
| Locations | Modification | Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure |
ASA (%) | Reference | Orthologous Protein Cluster |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Phosphorylation | ------MSESSSKSS ------CCCCCCCCC | 46.30 | 23401153 | |
| 2 | Acetylation | ------MSESSSKSS ------CCCCCCCCC | 46.30 | - | |
| 4 | Phosphorylation | ----MSESSSKSSQP ----CCCCCCCCCCC | 32.38 | 23401153 | |
| 5 | Phosphorylation | ---MSESSSKSSQPL ---CCCCCCCCCCCC | 37.42 | 23401153 | |
| 6 | Phosphorylation | --MSESSSKSSQPLA --CCCCCCCCCCCCC | 45.92 | 23401153 | |
| 7 | Methylation | -MSESSSKSSQPLAS -CCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 56.95 | 19608861 | |
| 7 | Acetylation | -MSESSSKSSQPLAS -CCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 56.95 | 23749302 | |
| 7 | Ubiquitination | -MSESSSKSSQPLAS -CCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 56.95 | 19608861 | |
| 8 | Phosphorylation | MSESSSKSSQPLASK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCH | 35.83 | 23401153 | |
| 8 | ADP-ribosylation | MSESSSKSSQPLASK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCH | 35.83 | 28190768 | |
| 9 | ADP-ribosylation | SESSSKSSQPLASKQ CCCCCCCCCCCCCHH | 39.28 | 28190768 | |
| 9 | Phosphorylation | SESSSKSSQPLASKQ CCCCCCCCCCCCCHH | 39.28 | 22167270 | |
| 14 | Phosphorylation | KSSQPLASKQEKDGT CCCCCCCCHHCCCCC | 42.42 | 22167270 | |
| 15 | Acetylation | SSQPLASKQEKDGTE CCCCCCCHHCCCCCC | 57.79 | 19608861 | |
| 15 | Sumoylation | SSQPLASKQEKDGTE CCCCCCCHHCCCCCC | 57.79 | 28112733 | |
| 15 (in isoform 1) | Ubiquitination | - | 57.79 | 21906983 | |
| 15 (in isoform 2) | Ubiquitination | - | 57.79 | 21906983 | |
| 15 (in isoform 3) | Ubiquitination | - | 57.79 | 21906983 | |
| 15 | Methylation | SSQPLASKQEKDGTE CCCCCCCHHCCCCCC | 57.79 | 19608861 | |
| 15 (in isoform 2) | Acetylation | - | 57.79 | - | |
| 15 | Ubiquitination | SSQPLASKQEKDGTE CCCCCCCHHCCCCCC | 57.79 | 19608861 | |
| 18 | Acetylation | PLASKQEKDGTEKRG CCCCHHCCCCCCCCC | 59.99 | 25953088 | |
| 21 | Phosphorylation | SKQEKDGTEKRGRGR CHHCCCCCCCCCCCC | 48.76 | 26074081 | |
| 23 | Acetylation | QEKDGTEKRGRGRPR HCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 61.05 | 11793957 | |
| 23 | Methylation | QEKDGTEKRGRGRPR HCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 61.05 | - | |
| 24 | Methylation | EKDGTEKRGRGRPRK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 33.53 | 14987631 | |
| 26 | Methylation | DGTEKRGRGRPRKQP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 41.82 | 12653562 | |
| 26 | Asymmetric dimethylarginine | DGTEKRGRGRPRKQP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 41.82 | - | |
| 31 | Acetylation | RGRGRPRKQPPVSPG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 70.60 | 21466224 | |
| 31 | Malonylation | RGRGRPRKQPPVSPG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 70.60 | 26320211 | |
| 31 (in isoform 1) | Ubiquitination | - | 70.60 | 21906983 | |
| 31 (in isoform 3) | Ubiquitination | - | 70.60 | 21906983 | |
| 31 | Ubiquitination | RGRGRPRKQPPVSPG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 70.60 | - | |
| 31 | Methylation | RGRGRPRKQPPVSPG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 70.60 | 18513496 | |
| 36 | Phosphorylation | PRKQPPVSPGTALVG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 24.32 | 29255136 | |
| 38 (in isoform 2) | Phosphorylation | - | 19.00 | 23927012 | |
| 39 | Phosphorylation | QPPVSPGTALVGSQK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 21.87 | 22167270 | |
| 42 (in isoform 2) | Phosphorylation | - | 6.86 | 22167270 | |
| 44 | Phosphorylation | PGTALVGSQKEPSEV CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 30.51 | 29255136 | |
| 46 (in isoform 1) | Ubiquitination | - | 73.60 | 21906983 | |
| 46 (in isoform 3) | Ubiquitination | - | 73.60 | 21906983 | |
| 46 | "N6,N6-dimethyllysine" | TALVGSQKEPSEVPT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 73.60 | - | |
| 46 | Acetylation | TALVGSQKEPSEVPT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 73.60 | 25953088 | |
| 46 | Methylation | TALVGSQKEPSEVPT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 73.60 | 15591590 | |
| 46 | Ubiquitination | TALVGSQKEPSEVPT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 73.60 | 2190698 | |
| 47 | Methylation | ALVGSQKEPSEVPTP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 46.55 | 16293633 | |
| 49 | Phosphorylation | VGSQKEPSEVPTPKR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 52.93 | 22167270 | |
| 49 | Methylation | VGSQKEPSEVPTPKR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 52.93 | 16293633 | |
| 53 | Phosphorylation | KEPSEVPTPKRPRGR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 46.77 | 29255136 | |
| 53 (in isoform 3) | Phosphorylation | - | 46.77 | 29743597 | |
| 54 | Methylation | EPSEVPTPKRPRGRP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 25.29 | 11498590 | |
| 54 | Acetylation | EPSEVPTPKRPRGRP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 25.29 | 11498590 | |
| 54 (in isoform 2) | Acetylation | - | 25.29 | - | |
| 55 | Acetylation | PSEVPTPKRPRGRPK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 77.00 | 14987645 | |
| 55 | Ubiquitination | PSEVPTPKRPRGRPK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 77.00 | - | |
| 55 | Methylation | PSEVPTPKRPRGRPK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 77.00 | 18513496 | |
| 56 (in isoform 2) | Acetylation | - | 27.61 | - | |
| 58 | Asymmetric dimethylarginine | VPTPKRPRGRPKGSK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 58.76 | - | |
| 58 | Methylation | VPTPKRPRGRPKGSK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 58.76 | 16159886 | |
| 60 | Asymmetric dimethylarginine | TPKRPRGRPKGSKNK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 30.91 | - | |
| 60 (in isoform 2) | Acetylation | - | 30.91 | - | |
| 60 | Methylation | TPKRPRGRPKGSKNK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 30.91 | 16159886 | |
| 60 | Acetylation | TPKRPRGRPKGSKNK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 30.91 | 11498590 | |
| 62 | Methylation | KRPRGRPKGSKNKGA CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 74.57 | - | |
| 62 | Acetylation | KRPRGRPKGSKNKGA CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 74.57 | 14987711 | |
| 63 (in isoform 2) | Acetylation | - | 46.68 | - | |
| 64 | Phosphorylation | PRGRPKGSKNKGAAK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 38.90 | 19317492 | |
| 65 | Sumoylation | RGRPKGSKNKGAAKT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 71.93 | 11498590 | |
| 65 | Acetylation | RGRPKGSKNKGAAKT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 71.93 | 17627840 | |
| 65 | Methylation | RGRPKGSKNKGAAKT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 71.93 | 11498590 | |
| 67 | "N6,N6-dimethyllysine" | RPKGSKNKGAAKTRK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 54.38 | - | |
| 67 | Acetylation | RPKGSKNKGAAKTRK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 54.38 | 17627840 | |
| 67 | Methylation | RPKGSKNKGAAKTRK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 54.38 | 15591590 | |
| 67 (in isoform 2) | Phosphorylation | - | 54.38 | 17960875 | |
| 71 | Methylation | SKNKGAAKTRKTTTT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 48.61 | 11498590 | |
| 71 | Acetylation | SKNKGAAKTRKTTTT CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 48.61 | 17627840 | |
| 72 | Phosphorylation | KNKGAAKTRKTTTTP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 32.44 | 19317492 | |
| 73 | Methylation | NKGAAKTRKTTTTPG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 33.35 | 14992439 | |
| 74 | Methylation | KGAAKTRKTTTTPGR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 56.29 | 15591590 | |
| 74 | Acetylation | KGAAKTRKTTTTPGR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 56.29 | 17627840 | |
| 75 | Phosphorylation | GAAKTRKTTTTPGRK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 26.53 | 26657352 | |
| 76 | Phosphorylation | AAKTRKTTTTPGRKP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 31.54 | 26657352 | |
| 77 | Phosphorylation | AKTRKTTTTPGRKPR CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 35.90 | 26657352 | |
| 78 | Phosphorylation | KTRKTTTTPGRKPRG CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 22.96 | 27273156 | |
| 81 | Dimethylation | KTTTTPGRKPRGRPK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 47.19 | - | |
| 81 | Methylation | KTTTTPGRKPRGRPK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 47.19 | 14987731 | |
| 82 | Acetylation | TTTTPGRKPRGRPKK CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 45.01 | 14987723 | |
| 84 | Dimethylation | TTPGRKPRGRPKKLE CCCCCCCCCCCCCCH | 57.71 | - | |
| 84 | Methylation | TTPGRKPRGRPKKLE CCCCCCCCCCCCCCH | 57.71 | 14987729 | |
| 86 | Dimethylation | PGRKPRGRPKKLEKE CCCCCCCCCCCCHHH | 40.94 | - | |
| 86 | Methylation | PGRKPRGRPKKLEKE CCCCCCCCCCCCHHH | 40.94 | 14987745 | |
| 88 | Acetylation | RKPRGRPKKLEKEEE CCCCCCCCCCHHHHH | 69.50 | 14987741 | |
| 92 | Methylation | GRPKKLEKEEEEGIS CCCCCCHHHHHCCCC | 79.46 | 15591590 | |
| 99 | Phosphorylation | KEEEEGISQESSEEE HHHHCCCCCCCHHHC | 38.46 | 29255136 | |
| 102 | Phosphorylation | EEGISQESSEEEQ-- HCCCCCCCHHHCC-- | 35.10 | 29255136 | |
| 103 | Phosphorylation | EGISQESSEEEQ--- CCCCCCCHHHCC--- | 48.55 | 29255136 |
| Modified Location | Modified Residue | Modification | Type of Upstream Proteins | Gene Name of Upstream Proteins | UniProt AC of Upstream Proteins | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK1 | P06493 | PSP |
| 36 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK2 | P24941 | PSP |
| 36 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | HIPK2 | Q9H2X6 | Uniprot |
| 42 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK1 | P06493 | PSP |
| 42 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | HIPK2 | Q9H2X6 | PSP |
| 53 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK1 | P06493 | PSP |
| 53 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | HIPK2 | Q9H2X6 | Uniprot |
| 67 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK1 | P06493 | GPS |
| 67 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | HIPK2 | Q9H2X6 | PSP |
| 78 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | HIPK2 | Q9H2X6 | Uniprot |
| 78 | T | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CDK1 | P06493 | PSP |
| 99 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2-FAMILY | - | GPS |
| 99 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2_GROUP | - | PhosphoELM |
| 102 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CSNK2A1 | P19139 | GPS |
| 102 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2-FAMILY | - | GPS |
| 102 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK | - | Uniprot |
| 102 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2_GROUP | - | PhosphoELM |
| 103 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CSNK2A1 | P19139 | GPS |
| 103 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2-FAMILY | - | GPS |
| 103 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK | - | Uniprot |
| 103 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | CK2_GROUP | - | PhosphoELM |
* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.
| Modified Location | Modification | Variant Position (Distance <= 10) |
Residue Change | SAP | Related Disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of HMGA1_HUMAN !! | ||||||
| Kegg Disease | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| There are no disease associations of PTM sites. | ||||||
| OMIM Disease | ||||||
| There are no disease associations of PTM sites. | ||||||
| Kegg Drug | ||||||
| There are no disease associations of PTM sites. | ||||||
| DrugBank | ||||||
| There are no disease associations of PTM sites. | ||||||
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| Acetylation | |
| Reference | PubMed |
| "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates majorcellular functions."; Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T.,Olsen J.V., Mann M.; Science 325:834-840(2009). Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-15, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| Methylation | |
| Reference | PubMed |
| "Dynamics of human protein arginine methyltransferase 1(PRMT1) invivo."; Herrmann F., Lee J., Bedford M.T., Fackelmayer F.O.; J. Biol. Chem. 280:38005-38010(2005). Cited for: METHYLATION AT ARG-58 AND ARG-60 BY PRMT6, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ARG-26;ARG-58 AND ARG-60. | |
| "Tandem mass spectrometry for the examination of the posttranslationalmodifications of high-mobility group A1 proteins: symmetric andasymmetric dimethylation of Arg25 in HMGA1a protein."; Zou Y., Wang Y.; Biochemistry 44:6293-6301(2005). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103, METHYLATION AT ARG-26,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "During apoptosis of tumor cells HMGA1a protein undergoes methylation:identification of the modification site by mass spectrometry."; Sgarra R., Diana F., Bellarosa C., Dekleva V., Rustighi A., Toller M.,Manfioletti G., Giancotti V.; Biochemistry 42:3575-3585(2003). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION, METHYLATION AT ARG-26, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| Phosphorylation | |
| Reference | PubMed |
| "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signalingreveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions."; Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K.,Rodionov V., Han D.K.; Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome."; Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G.,Mann M., Daub H.; Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-102 AND SER-103, ANDMASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome ina refined SCX-based approach."; Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J.,Mohammed S.; Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-36; THR-39 AND THR-53,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Large-scale phosphoproteome analysis of human liver tissue byenrichment and fractionation of phosphopeptides with strong anionexchange chromatography."; Han G., Ye M., Zhou H., Jiang X., Feng S., Jiang X., Tian R., Wan D.,Zou H., Gu J.; Proteomics 8:1346-1361(2008). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-102 AND SER-103, ANDMASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."; Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E.,Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-36; THR-39; SER-44;SER-49; THR-53; SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Phosphorylation analysis of primary human T lymphocytes usingsequential IMAC and titanium oxide enrichment."; Carrascal M., Ovelleiro D., Casas V., Gay M., Abian J.; J. Proteome Res. 7:5167-5176(2008). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-102 AND SER-103, ANDMASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networksresponsive to DNA damage."; Matsuoka S., Ballif B.A., Smogorzewska A., McDonald E.R. III,Hurov K.E., Luo J., Bakalarski C.E., Zhao Z., Solimini N.,Lerenthal Y., Shiloh Y., Gygi S.P., Elledge S.J.; Science 316:1160-1166(2007). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-44; SER-99; SER-102 ANDSER-103, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) phosphorylatesHMGA1a at Ser-35, Thr-52, and Thr-77 and modulates its DNA bindingaffinity."; Zhang Q., Wang Y.; J. Proteome Res. 6:4711-4719(2007). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-36; THR-53 AND THR-78 BY HIPK2 AND CDK1/CDC2. | |
| "Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLacells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra."; Yu L.-R., Zhu Z., Chan K.C., Issaq H.J., Dimitrov D.S., Veenstra T.D.; J. Proteome Res. 6:4150-4162(2007). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-36 AND THR-53, AND MASSSPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics insignaling networks."; Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P.,Mann M.; Cell 127:635-648(2006). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-36; SER-99; SER-102 ANDSER-103, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Global phosphoproteome of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells."; Kim J.-E., Tannenbaum S.R., White F.M.; J. Proteome Res. 4:1339-1346(2005). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Tandem mass spectrometry for the examination of the posttranslationalmodifications of high-mobility group A1 proteins: symmetric andasymmetric dimethylation of Arg25 in HMGA1a protein."; Zou Y., Wang Y.; Biochemistry 44:6293-6301(2005). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103, METHYLATION AT ARG-26,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |
| "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins."; Beausoleil S.A., Jedrychowski M., Schwartz D., Elias J.E., Villen J.,Li J., Cohn M.A., Cantley L.C., Gygi S.P.; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:12130-12135(2004). Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-99; SER-102 AND SER-103,AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. | |