| UniProt ID | PER_DROME | |
|---|---|---|
| UniProt AC | P07663 | |
| Protein Name | Period circadian protein | |
| Gene Name | per | |
| Organism | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly). | |
| Sequence Length | 1224 | |
| Subcellular Localization | Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Nuclear at specific periods of the day. First accumulates in the perinuclear region about one hour before translocation into the nucleus. Interaction with Tim is required for nuclear localization. | |
| Protein Description | Essential for biological clock functions. Determines the period length of circadian and ultradian rhythms; an increase in PER dosage leads to shortened circadian rhythms and a decrease leads to lengthened circadian rhythms. Essential for the circadian rhythmicity of locomotor activity, eclosion behavior, and for the rhythmic component of the male courtship song that originates in the thoracic nervous system. The biological cycle depends on the rhythmic formation and nuclear localization of the TIM-PER complex. Light induces the degradation of TIM, which promotes elimination of PER. Nuclear activity of the heterodimer coordinatively regulates PER and TIM transcription through a negative feedback loop. Behaves as a negative element in circadian transcriptional loop. Does not appear to bind DNA, suggesting indirect transcriptional inhibition. Required for binding of cwo to the E box regions in the promoters of target genes of the transcriptional activator Clock, probably by binding to Clock-cycle heterodimers, reducing their affinity for E box binding and allowing cwo to bind instead. [PubMed: 27814361] | |
| Protein Sequence | MEGGESTESTHNTKVSDSAYSNSCSNSQSQRSGSSKSRLSGSHSSGSSGYGGKPSTQASSSDMIIKRNKDKSRKKKKNKGAGQGAGQAQTLISASTSLEGRDEEKPRPSGTGCVEQQICRELQDQQHGEDHSEPQAIEQLQQEEEEDQSGSESEADRVEGVAKSEAAQSFPIPSPLSVTIVPPSMGGCGGVGHAAGLDSGLAKFDKTWEAGPGKLESMTGVGAAAAGTGQRGERVKEDSFCCVISMHDGIVLYTTPSITDVLGYPRDMWLGRSFIDFVHLKDRATFASQITTGIPIAESRGSVPKDAKSTFCVMLRRYRGLKSGGFGVIGRPVSYEPFRLGLTFREAPEEARPDNYMVSNGTNMLLVICATPIKSSYKVPDEILSQKSPKFAIRHTATGIISHVDSAAVSALGYLPQDLIGRSIMDFYHHEDLSVMKETYETVMKKGQTAGASFCSKPYRFLIQNGCYVLLETEWTSFVNPWSRKLEFVVGHHRVFQGPKQCNVFEAAPTCKLKISEEAQSRNTRIKEDIVKRLAETVSRPSDTVKQEVSRRCQALASFMETLMDEVSRADLKLELPHENELTVSERDSVMLGEISPHHDYYDSKSSTETPPSYNQLNYNENLLRFFNSKPVTAPAELDPPKTEPPEPRGTCVSGASGPMSPVHEGSGGSGSSGNFTTASNIHMSSVTNTSIAGTGGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGNGTNSGTGTGTASSSKGGTAAIPPVTLTESLLNKHNDEMEKFMLKKHRESRGRTGEKSKKSANDTLKMLEYSGPGHGIKRGGSHSWEGEANKPKQQLTLGTDAIKGAAGSAGGAVGTGGVGSGGAGVAGGGGSGTGVAGTPEGRATTTSGTGTPGGAGGGGGAGAAAAAGASSSVGSSTPGPSSYPTCTQNINLWPPFSVGITPPVHSTHTAMAQSSFSSAGLFPTFYYIPASLTPTSPTRSPRMHKHPHKGGTDMPTTSQQAAAAAAQAMPLQYMAGVMYPHPSLFYTHPAAAAATAMMYQPMPFPGMANALQIPERPLGSQSAYNKSVYTTTPASMTKKVPGAFHSVTTPAQVQRPSSQSASVKTEPGSSAAVSDPCKKEVPDSSPIPSVMGDYNSDPPCSSSNPANNKKYTDSNGNSDDMDGSSFSSFYSSFIKTTDGSESPPDTEKDPKHRKLKSMSTSESKIMEHPEEDQTQHGDG | |
| Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information | ||
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* ASA = Accessible Surface Area
| Locations | Modification | Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure |
ASA (%) | Reference | Orthologous Protein Cluster |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 47 | Phosphorylation | SGSHSSGSSGYGGKP CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 23.65 | 18593878 | |
| 583 | Phosphorylation | LPHENELTVSERDSV CCCCCCCEECHHCCE | 18.79 | 22817900 | |
| 942 | O-linked_Glycosylation | INLWPPFSVGITPPV CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC | 25.80 | 30703153 |
| Modified Location | Modified Residue | Modification | Type of Upstream Proteins | Gene Name of Upstream Proteins | UniProt AC of Upstream Proteins | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 657 | S | Phosphorylation | Kinase | GSK3B | - | GPS |
| Modified Location | Modified Residue | Modification | Function | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oops, there are no descriptions of PTM sites of PER_DROME !! | ||||||
* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.
| Modified Location | Modification | Variant Position (Distance <= 10) |
Residue Change | SAP | Related Disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of PER_DROME !! | ||||||
| Interacting Protein | Gene Name | Interaction Type | PPI Reference | Domain-Domain Interactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DCO_DROME | dco | physical | 9674431 | |
| TIM_HUMAN | TIMELESS | physical | 9856465 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 9856465 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 15710747 | |
| LSP1B_DROME | Lsp1beta | physical | 15710747 | |
| CUA1_DROME | Acp1 | physical | 15710747 | |
| DHB4_DROME | Mfe2 | physical | 15710747 | |
| GLT_DROME | Glt | physical | 15710747 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | genetic | 10330175 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | genetic | 10839368 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | genetic | 8938124 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | genetic | 24339749 | |
| CRY1_DROME | cry | genetic | 16361445 | |
| DCO_DROME | dco | genetic | 11549722 | |
| CSK2A_DROME | CkIIalpha | genetic | 16319317 | |
| SGG_DROME | sgg | physical | 27346344 | |
| DOD_DROME | dod | physical | 25998391 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 10409723 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 11430804 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 17452449 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 21515571 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 21734289 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 23735496 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 26711257 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 27346344 | |
| TIM_DROME | tim | physical | 10417378 | |
| CLOCK_DROME | Clk | physical | 17452449 | |
| CLOCK_DROME | Clk | physical | 20980603 | |
| DCO_DROME | dco | physical | 17452449 | |
| DCO_DROME | dco | physical | 21659538 | |
| CSK2A_DROME | CkIIalpha | physical | 27346344 |
| Kegg Drug | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DrugBank | ||||||
| There are no disease associations of PTM sites. | ||||||
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