M2K2_ARATH - PTM Information in dbPTM

Basic Information of Protein

• UniProt ID: M2K2_ARATH
• UniProt AC: Q9S7U9
• Protein Name: Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2
• Gene Name: MKK2
• Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
• Sequence Length: 363
• Protein Description: MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2 and MPK4 function in a signaling pathway that modulates the expression of genes responding to biotic and abiotic stresses and also plays an important role in pathogen defense by negatively regulating innate immunity. Plays a role in abiotic stress tolerance and plant disease resistance through activation of MPK4 and MPK6 by phosphorylation. Acts redundantly with MKK1..
• Protein Sequence: MKKGGFSNNLKLAIPVAGEQSITKFLTQSGTFKDGDLRVNKDGVRIISQLEPEVLSPIKPADDQLSLSDLDMVKVIGKGSSGVVQLVQHKWTGQFFALKVIQLNIDEAIRKAIAQELKINQSSQCPNLVTSYQSFYDNGAISLILEYMDGGSLADFLKSVKAIPDSYLSAIFRQVLQGLIYLHHDRHIIHRDLKPSNLLINHRGEVKITDFGVSTVMTNTAGLANTFVGTYNYMSPERIVGNKYGNKSDIWSLGLVVLECATGKFPYAPPNQEETWTSVFELMEAIVDQPPPALPSGNFSPELSSFISTCLQKDPNSRSSAKELMEHPFLNKYDYSGINLASYFTDAGSPLATLGNLSGTFSV

Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information

Experimental Post-Translational Modification Sites

* ASA = Accessible Surface Area

Locations	Modification	Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure	ASA (%)	Reference
21	Phosphorylation	IPVAGEQSITKFLTQ EEECCHHHHHHHHHC	28.11	24894044
21 (in isoform 2)	Phosphorylation	-	28.11	23111157
27	Phosphorylation	QSITKFLTQSGTFKD HHHHHHHHCCCCCCC	24.66	23776212
29	Phosphorylation	ITKFLTQSGTFKDGD HHHHHHCCCCCCCCC	34.27	23776212
31	Phosphorylation	KFLTQSGTFKDGDLR HHHHCCCCCCCCCEE	32.53	30291188
48	Phosphorylation	KDGVRIISQLEPEVL CCCEEEEEECCHHHC	26.75	23776212
56	Phosphorylation	QLEPEVLSPIKPADD ECCHHHCCCCCCCCC	29.74	30291188
66	Phosphorylation	KPADDQLSLSDLDMV CCCCCCCCCCHHCEE	21.86	23776212
68	Phosphorylation	ADDQLSLSDLDMVKV CCCCCCCCHHCEEEE	32.52	23776212
72	Sulfoxidation	LSLSDLDMVKVIGKG CCCCHHCEEEEECCC	4.01	23289948
166	Phosphorylation	SVKAIPDSYLSAIFR HHHCCCHHHHHHHHH	23.71	19880383
220	Phosphorylation	VSTVMTNTAGLANTF CCEEEECCCCCCCCE	16.97	9878570
226	Phosphorylation	NTAGLANTFVGTYNY CCCCCCCCEEEECCC	17.68	9878570
230	Phosphorylation	LANTFVGTYNYMSPE CCCCEEEECCCCCHH	11.86	-

Upstream regulatory proteins (kinases for phosphorylation sites, E3 ubiquitin ligases of ubiquitination sites, ...)

Oops, there are no upstream regulatory protein records of M2K2_ARATH !!

Functions of PTM Sites

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Function	Reference
220	T	Phosphorylation	Phosphorylation at Thr-220 and Thr-226 by MAP kinase kinase kinases positively regulates kinase activity.	9878570
226	T	Phosphorylation	Phosphorylation at Thr-220 and Thr-226 by MAP kinase kinase kinases positively regulates kinase activity.	9878570

Disease-associated PTM Sites based on SAP

* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.

Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of M2K2_ARATH !!

Protein-Protein Interaction

Interacting Protein	Gene Name	Interaction Type	PPI Reference
MPK10_ARATH	MPK10	physical	25064848
MPK6_ARATH	MPK6	genetic	15225555
MPK4_ARATH	MPK4	genetic	15225555
MPK6_ARATH	MPK6	physical	15225555
MPK4_ARATH	MPK4	physical	15225555
MPK5_ARATH	MPK5	physical	15225555
MPK6_ARATH	MPK6	physical	17630279

Drug and Disease Associations

• Kegg Drug
• DrugBank
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.

Related Literatures of Post-Translational Modification

Phosphorylation

"Large-scale Arabidopsis phosphoproteome profiling reveals novelchloroplast kinase substrates and phosphorylation networks.";
Reiland S., Messerli G., Baerenfaller K., Gerrits B., Endler A.,Grossmann J., Gruissem W., Baginsky S.;
Plant Physiol. 150:889-903(2009).
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-56, AND MASSSPECTROMETRY.
PubMed: 19376835

"The MKK2 pathway mediates cold and salt stress signaling inArabidopsis.";
Teige M., Scheikl E., Eulgem T., Doczi R., Ichimura K., Shinozaki K.,Dangl J.L., Hirt H.;
Mol. Cell 15:141-152(2004).
Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION, INTERACTION WITH MPK4 AND MAPK6,PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-220 AND THR-226, AND MUTAGENESIS OF THR-220 ANDTHR-226.
PubMed: 15225555

"MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity.";
Asai T., Tena G., Plotnikova J., Willmann M.R., Chiu W.-L.,Gomez-Gomez L., Boller T., Ausubel F.M., Sheen J.;
Nature 415:977-983(2002).
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-220 AND THR-226, AND MUTAGENESIS OF THR-220 ANDTHR-226.
PubMed: 11875555

"Isolation of ATMEKK1 (a MAP kinase kinase kinase)-interactingproteins and analysis of a MAP kinase cascade in Arabidopsis.";
Ichimura K., Mizoguchi T., Irie K., Morris P.C., Giraudat J.,Matsumoto K., Shinozaki K.;
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 253:532-543(1998).
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), SUBUNIT, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,INTERACTION WITH MEKK1 AND MPK4, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-99; THR-220 ANDTHR-226, AND PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-220 AND THR-226.
PubMed: 9878570