PDK4_HUMAN - PTM Information in dbPTM

Basic Information of Protein

• UniProt ID: PDK4_HUMAN
• UniProt AC: Q16654
• Protein Name: [Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial
• Gene Name: PDK4
• Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).
• Sequence Length: 411
• Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion matrix.
• Protein Description: Kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism in response to prolonged fasting and starvation. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels under starvation, and is involved in the insulin signaling cascade. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. In the fed state, mediates cellular responses to glucose levels and to a high-fat diet. Regulates both fatty acid oxidation and de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. Plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Protects detached epithelial cells against anoikis. Plays a role in cell proliferation via its role in regulating carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism..
• Protein Sequence: MKAARFVLRSAGSLNGAGLVPREVEHFSRYSPSPLSMKQLLDFGSENACERTSFAFLRQELPVRLANILKEIDILPTQLVNTSSVQLVKSWYIQSLMDLVEFHEKSPDDQKALSDFVDTLIKVRNRHHNVVPTMAQGIIEYKDACTVDPVTNQNLQYFLDRFYMNRISTRMLMNQHILIFSDSQTGNPSHIGSIDPNCDVVAVVQDAFECSRMLCDQYYLSSPELKLTQVNGKFPDQPIHIVYVPSHLHHMLFELFKNAMRATVEHQENQPSLTPIEVIVVLGKEDLTIKISDRGGGVPLRIIDRLFSYTYSTAPTPVMDNSRNAPLAGFGYGLPISRLYAKYFQGDLNLYSLSGYGTDAIIYLKALSSESIEKLPVFNKSAFKHYQMSSEADDWCIPSREPKNLAKEVAM

Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information

Experimental Post-Translational Modification Sites

* ASA = Accessible Surface Area

Locations	Modification	Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure	ASA (%)	Reference
10	Phosphorylation	AARFVLRSAGSLNGA HHHHHHHCCCCCCCC	32.59	28857561
13	Phosphorylation	FVLRSAGSLNGAGLV HHHHCCCCCCCCCCC	20.55	28857561
28	Phosphorylation	PREVEHFSRYSPSPL CCCHHHHHCCCCCCC	32.01	22210691
38	Ubiquitination	SPSPLSMKQLLDFGS CCCCCCHHHHHHCCC	34.12	-
111	Ubiquitination	EKSPDDQKALSDFVD HCCCCHHHHHHHHHH	59.29	21906983
122	Ubiquitination	DFVDTLIKVRNRHHN HHHHHHHHHHHCCCC	37.95	21906983
142	Ubiquitination	AQGIIEYKDACTVDP EECEEEECCCEEECC	26.51	-
168	Phosphorylation	RFYMNRISTRMLMNQ HHHHHHHHHHHHHCC	13.51	23532336
222	Phosphorylation	CDQYYLSSPELKLTQ HHHHHCCCCCEEEEE	21.57	24719451
226	Ubiquitination	YLSSPELKLTQVNGK HCCCCCEEEEEECCC	48.07	-
308	Phosphorylation	RIIDRLFSYTYSTAP HHHHHHHCCCCCCCC	22.58	24260401
309	Phosphorylation	IIDRLFSYTYSTAPT HHHHHHCCCCCCCCC	11.45	24260401
310	Phosphorylation	IDRLFSYTYSTAPTP HHHHHCCCCCCCCCC	15.14	24260401
311	Phosphorylation	DRLFSYTYSTAPTPV HHHHCCCCCCCCCCC	8.87	24260401
312	Phosphorylation	RLFSYTYSTAPTPVM HHHCCCCCCCCCCCC	15.42	24260401
368	Phosphorylation	IIYLKALSSESIEKL EEEEEECCCHHHHCC	36.60	-
369	Phosphorylation	IYLKALSSESIEKLP EEEEECCCHHHHCCC	35.89	-
374	Ubiquitination	LSSESIEKLPVFNKS CCCHHHHCCCCCCHH	57.32	-
380	Ubiquitination	EKLPVFNKSAFKHYQ HCCCCCCHHHHHHCC	31.53	-
381	Phosphorylation	KLPVFNKSAFKHYQM CCCCCCHHHHHHCCC	39.79	-
384	Ubiquitination	VFNKSAFKHYQMSSE CCCHHHHHHCCCCCC	40.91	-

Upstream regulatory proteins (kinases for phosphorylation sites, E3 ubiquitin ligases of ubiquitination sites, ...)

Oops, there are no upstream regulatory protein records of PDK4_HUMAN !!

Functions of PTM Sites

Oops, there are no descriptions of PTM sites of PDK4_HUMAN !!

Disease-associated PTM Sites based on SAP

* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.

Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of PDK4_HUMAN !!

Protein-Protein Interaction

Interacting Protein	Gene Name	Interaction Type	PPI Reference
PDK2_HUMAN	PDK2	physical	28514442
PDK3_HUMAN	PDK3	physical	28514442
PDK1_HUMAN	PDK1	physical	28514442
SYNM_HUMAN	NARS2	physical	28514442

Drug and Disease Associations

• Kegg Disease
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.
• OMIM Disease
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.
• Kegg Drug
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.
• DrugBank
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.