dbPTM

APEL_HUMAN - PTM Information in dbPTM

Basic Information of Protein

Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information
UniProt ID	APEL_HUMAN
UniProt AC	Q9ULZ1
Protein Name	Apelin
Gene Name	APLN
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human).
Sequence Length	77
Subcellular Localization	Secreted . Secreted, extracellular space . Abundantly secreted in the colostrum. Lower level in milk. Decreases rapidly within several days after parturition in milk, but is still detectable even in commercial milk.
Protein Description	Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR). [PubMed: 10525157 Drives internalization of the apelin receptor (By similarity Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (By similarity Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (By similarity; (Microbial infection) Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR), an alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection]
Protein Sequence	MNLRLCVQALLLLWLSLTAVCGGSLMPLPDGNGLEDGNVRHLVQPRGSRNGPGPWQGGRRKFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF

Experimental Post-Translational Modification Sites

* ASA = Accessible Surface Area

Locations	Modification	Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure	ASA (%)	Reference	Orthologous Protein Cluster
Oops, there are no PTM records of APEL_HUMAN !!

Upstream regulatory proteins (kinases for phosphorylation sites, E3 ubiquitin ligases of ubiquitination sites, ...)

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Type of Upstream Proteins	Gene Name of Upstream Proteins	UniProt AC of Upstream Proteins	Sources
Oops, there are no upstream regulatory protein records of APEL_HUMAN !!

Functions of PTM Sites

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Function	Reference
Oops, there are no descriptions of PTM sites of APEL_HUMAN !!

Disease-associated PTM Sites based on SAP

* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.

Modified Location	Modification	Variant Position (Distance <= 10)	Residue Change	SAP	Related Disease	Reference
Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of APEL_HUMAN !!

Protein-Protein Interaction

Interacting Protein	Gene Name	Interaction Type	PPI Reference	Domain-Domain Interactions
MDFI_HUMAN	MDFI	physical	19060904
RBPMS_HUMAN	RBPMS	physical	25416956

Drug and Disease Associations

Kegg Drug
DrugBank
There are no disease associations of PTM sites.

Regulatory Network of APEL_HUMAN

Related Literatures of Post-Translational Modification