TAT_HV2BE - PTM Information in dbPTM

Basic Information of Protein

• UniProt ID: TAT_HV2BE
• UniProt AC: P18098
• Protein Name: Protein Tat
• Gene Name: tat
• Organism: Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype A (isolate BEN) (HIV-2).
• Sequence Length: 130
• Subcellular Localization: Host nucleus, host nucleolus.
• Protein Description: Nuclear transcriptional activator of viral gene expression, that is essential for viral transcription from the LTR promoter and replication. Acts as a sequence-specific molecular adapter, directing components of the cellular transcription machinery to the viral RNA to promote processive transcription elongation by the RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) complex, thereby increasing the level of full-length transcripts. In the absence of Tat, the RNA Pol II generates short or non-processive transcripts that terminate at approximately 60 bp from the initiation site. Tat associates with the CCNT1/cyclin-T1 component of the P-TEFb complex (CDK9 and CCNT1), which promotes RNA chain elongation. This binding increases Tat's affinity for a hairpin structure at the 5'-end of all nascent viral mRNAs referred to as the transactivation responsive RNA element (TAR RNA) and allows Tat/P-TEFb complex to bind cooperatively to TAR RNA. The CDK9 component of P-TEFb and other Tat-activated kinases hyperphosphorylate the C-terminus of RNA Pol II that becomes stabilized and much more processive (By similarity).; Extracellular circulating Tat can be endocytosed by surrounding uninfected cells via the binding to several surface receptors. Endosomal low pH allows Tat to cross the endosome membrane to enter the cytosol and eventually further translocate into the nucleus, thereby inducing severe cell dysfunctions ranging from cell activation to cell death. Through (By similarity)..
• Protein Sequence: METPLKAPESSLKPYNEPSSCTSERDVTAQELAKQGEELLAQLHRPLEPCTNKCYCKRCSFHCQLCFSKKGLGISYERKGRRRRTPRKTKTPSPSAPDKSISTRTGDSQPTKEQKKTSEATVVTTCGLGQ

Overview of Protein Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information

Experimental Post-Translational Modification Sites

* ASA = Accessible Surface Area

Locations	Modification	Substrate Peptides & Secondary Structure	ASA (%)	Reference
85	Phosphorylation	RKGRRRRTPRKTKTP ECCCCCCCCCCCCCC	26.15	-
89	Phosphorylation	RRRTPRKTKTPSPSA CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	41.24	-

Upstream regulatory proteins (kinases for phosphorylation sites, E3 ubiquitin ligases of ubiquitination sites, ...)

Modified Location	Modified Residue	Modification	Type of Upstream Proteins	Gene Name of Upstream Proteins	UniProt AC of Upstream Proteins	Sources
85	T	Phosphorylation	Kinase	CDK9	-	Uniprot
89	T	Phosphorylation	Kinase	CDK9	-	Uniprot

Functions of PTM Sites

Oops, there are no descriptions of PTM sites of TAT_HV2BE !!

Disease-associated PTM Sites based on SAP

* Distance = the distance between SAP position and PTM sites.

Oops, there are no SNP-PTM records of TAT_HV2BE !!

Protein-Protein Interaction

Interacting Protein	Gene Name	Interaction Type	PPI Reference
CDK9_HUMAN	CDK9	physical	9557739

Drug and Disease Associations

• Kegg Drug
• DrugBank
• There are no disease associations of PTM sites.