UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: Q9Z1M0 (Q9Z1M0)
Gene Name:
P2rx7
Organism: Mus musculus (Mouse)
Function: ATP-gated nonselective transmembrane cation channel. Requires high millimolar-range concentrations of ATP to become activated (PubMed:9849870). ATP binding trigers the rapid opening of the channel and allows Na(+) and Ca(2+) influx and K(+) efflux (By similarity). Has also the ability to form a large pore in the cell membrane, allowing the passage of large cationic molecules (PubMed:25281740). In microglia, may mediate NADPH transport across the plasma membrane (By similarity). In immune cells, P2RX7 acts as a molecular sensor in pathological inflammatory states by detecting and responding to high local concentrations of extracellar ATP. In microglial cells, P2RX7 activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta and IL-18, through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 (PubMed:26877061). Cooperates with KCNK6 to activate NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:29958799). Activates death pathways leading to apoptosis and autophagy (By similarity). Activates death pathways leading to pyroptosis (PubMed:26572062)
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane
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