UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: Q9Z0D9 (Q9Z0D9)
Gene Name:
Cx3cr1
Organism: Mus musculus (Mouse)
Function: Receptor for the C-X3-C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) present on many early leukocyte cells; CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis (PubMed:10187784, PubMed:9918795). CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling mediates cell migratory functions (PubMed:11544273, PubMed:12871640, PubMed:16675847, PubMed:18322241). Responsible for the recruitment of natural killer (NK) cells to inflamed tissues (PubMed:11544273, PubMed:16675847). Acts as a regulator of inflammation process leading to atherogenesis by mediating macrophage and monocyte recruitment to inflamed atherosclerotic plaques, promoting cell survival (PubMed:12569158, PubMed:18971423). Involved in airway inflammation by promoting interleukin 2-producing T helper (Th2) cell survival in inflamed lung (PubMed:21037587). Involved in the migration of circulating monocytes to non-inflamed tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells (PubMed:12871640). Acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis, probably by promoting macrophage chemotaxis (PubMed:18322241). Plays a key role in brain microglia by regulating inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) and regulating synapse maturation (PubMed:16732273, PubMed:21778362, PubMed:24487234). Required to restrain the microglial inflammatory response in the CNS and the resulting parenchymal damage in response to pathological stimuli (PubMed:16732273). Involved in brain development by participating in synaptic pruning, a natural process during which brain microglia eliminates extra synapses during postnatal development (PubMed:21778362). Synaptic pruning by microglia is required to promote the maturation of circuit connectivity during brain development (PubMed:24487234). Acts as an important regulator of the gut microbiota by controlling immunity to intestinal bacteria and fungi (PubMed:15653504, PubMed:29326275). Expressed in lamina propria dendritic cells in the small intestine, which form transepithelial dendrites capable of taking up bacteria in order to provide defense against pathogenic bacteria (PubMed:15653504). Required to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses against dissemination of commensal fungi (mycobiota) component of the gut: expressed in mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) and acts by promoting induction of antifungal IgG antibodies response to confer protection against disseminated C.albicans or C.auris infection (PubMed:29326275, PubMed:33548172). Also acts as a receptor for C-C motif chemokine CCL26, inducing cell chemotaxis (By similarity)
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane
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