UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: Q9QZQ8 (Q9QZQ8)
Gene Name:
Macroh2a1
Organism: Mus musculus (Mouse)
Function: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes where it represses transcription (By similarity). Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template (By similarity). Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability (By similarity). DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). Involved in stable X chromosome inactivation (By similarity). Inhibits the binding of transcription factors, including NF-kappa-B, and interferes with the activity of remodeling SWI/SNF complexes (By similarity). Inhibits histone acetylation by EP300 and recruits class I HDACs, which induces a hypoacetylated state of chromatin (PubMed:16107708) Isoform that specifically binds poly-ADP-ribose and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose and plays a key role in NAD(+) metabolism (PubMed:28991266, PubMed:34887560). Able to bind to the ends of poly-ADP-ribose chains created by PARP1 and cap them (PubMed:28991266). This prevents PARP1 from further addition of ADP-ribose and thus limits the consumption of nuclear NAD(+), allowing the cell to maintain proper NAD(+) levels in both the nucleus and the mitochondria to promote proper mitochondrial respiration (PubMed:28991266). Increases the expression of genes involved in redox metabolism, including SOD3 (PubMed:23022728) In contrast to isoform 1, does not bind poly-ADP-ribose (By similarity). Represses SOD3 gene expression (PubMed:23022728)
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Chromosome
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