Protein Name:
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain
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UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: P04233 (P04233)
Gene Name:
CD74
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome Stabilizes the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (PubMed:32855215). Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. This antiviral activity is specific to p41 isoform (PubMed:32855215)
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Endosome. Lysosome. Secreted. Late endosome. Lysosome
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Graphical Visualization of S-nitrosylation Sites:
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